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Table 3 Relationship between patient characteristics or operative factors and postoperative air leakage, effusion, and residual spaces

From: Risk factors for postoperative complications in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis

Factors

PAL

p

PE

p

PRS

P

Absent

N = 175

Present

N = 29

 

Absent

N = 181

Present

N = 23

 

Absent

N = 177

Present

N = 27

 

Sex

         

 Male

112 (64.0%)

26 (89.7%)

0.012

119 (65.7%)

19 (82.6%)

0.164

117 (66.1%)

21 (7.8%)

0.227

 Female

63 (36.0%)

3 (10.3%)

 

62 (34.3%)

4 (17.4%)

 

60 (33.9%)

6 (22.2%)

 

Age, years, median (IQR)

49 (32–59)

47 (33–60.5)

0.908

50 (32–59)

40 (32–63)

0.726

49 (32–57)

60 (35–66)

0.022

BMI, kg/m2,median (IQR)

21.9 (21.0–22.9)

22.3 (20.9–23.3)

0.642

21.9 (21.0–22.9)

21.7 (20.7–23.3)

0.730

21.9 (21.0–22.9)

21.8 (20.4–23.2)

0.437

ASA grade

         

 2

116 (66.3%)

16 (55.2%)

0.246

119 (65.7%)

13 (56.5%)

0.383

120 (67.8%)

12 (44.4%)

0.018

 3

59 (33.7%)

13 (44.8%)

 

62 (34.3%)

10 (43.5%)

 

57 (32.2%)

15 (55.6%)

 

Previous COVID-19 status

         

 Uninfected

71 (40.6%)

11 (37.9%)

 

74 (40.9%)

8 (34.8%)

 

76 (42.9%)

6 (22.2%)

 

 Asymptomatic infections

75 (42.9%)

14 (48.3%)

0.848

77 (42.5%)

12 (52.2%)

0.679

75 (42.4%)

14 (51.9%)

0.090

 Mildly infected

29 (16.6%)

4 (13.8%)

 

30 (16.6%)

3 (13.0%)

 

26 (14.7%)

7 (25.9%)

 

Smoking (Index)

         

 Heavy smoker

16 (9.1%)

3 (10.3%)

 

17 (9.4%)

2 (8.7%)

0.496

16 (9.0%)

3 (11.2%)

 

 Light smoker

112 (64.0%)

15 (51.7%)

0.436

115 (63.5%)

12 (52.2%)

 

115 (65.0%)

12 (44.4%)

0.105

 Moderate smoker

47 (26.9%)

11 (37.9%)

 

49 (27.1%)

9 (39.1%)

 

46 (26.0%)

12 (44.4%)

 

 FEV1%, median (IQR)

84.3 (79.7–87.9)

85.8 (80.9–87.7)

0.437

84.3 (79.9–87.9)

86.2 (78.5–87.4)

0.970

85.3 (79.9–87.7)

84.3 (78.5–88.0)

0.729

Adhesion grade

         

 Mild

111 (63.4%)

9 (31.0%)

0.001

117 (64.6%)

3 (13.0%)

0.000

114 (64.4%)

6 (22.2%)

0.000

 Severe

64 (36.6%)

20 (69.0%)

 

64 (35.4%)

20 (87.0%)

 

63 (35.6%)

21 (77.8%)

 

DB

         

 Present

25 (14.3%)

2 (6.9%)

0.429

23 (12.7%)

4 (17.4%)

0.766

22 (12.4%)

5 (18.5%)

0.384

 Absent

150 (85.7%)

27 (93%)

 

158 (87.3%)

19 (82.6%)

 

155 (87.6%)

22 (81.5%)

 

HP

         

 Present

21 (12.0%)

1 (34%)

0.293

21 (11.6%)

1 (4.3%)

0.484

20 (11.3%)

2 (7.4%)

0.784

 Absent

154 (88.0%)

28 (96.6%)

 

160 (88%)

22 (95.7%)

 

157 (88.7%)

25 (92.6%)

 

Hemoptysis

         

 Present

70 (40.0%)

16 (55.2%)

0.125

70 (38.7%)

16 (69.6%)

0.005

68 (38.4%)

18 (66.7%)

0.006

 Absent

105 (60.0%)

13 (44.8%)

 

111 (61.3%)

7 (30.4%)

 

109 (61.6%)

9 (33.3%)

 

Pre BAE

         

 Yes

10 (5.7%)

1 (3.4%)

0.955

8 (4.4%)

3 (13.0%)

0.217

7 (4.0%)

4 (14.8%)

0.062

 No

165 (94.3%)

28 (96.6%)

 

173 (95.6%)

20 (87.0%)

 

170 (96.0%)

23 (85.2%)

 

 ATB Time, days, median (IQR)

60 (0–210)

0 (0–225)

0.454

60 (0–225)

0 (0–150)

0.189

60 (0–240)

0 (0–120)

0.096

 Maximum diameter, cm, median (IQR)

5 (3–8)

7 (5–9)

0.032

5 (3–8)

9 (6–10)

0.001

5 (3–7)

8 (5–10)

0.001

 WBC, × 109/L, median (IQR)

5.65 (4.36–7.45)

5.47 (4.36–6.91)

0.950

5.58 (4.34–7.13)

6.18 (4.45–8.74)

0.222

5.60 (4.38–7.30)

5.78 (4.34–7.75)

0.946

 ESR, mm/h, median (IQR)

13 (6–29)

13 (6–20)

0.706

12 (6–25)

16 (8–33)

0.176

13 (6–26.5)

13 (7–30)

0.593

 HCRP, mg/L, median (IQR)

1.71 (076–6.42)

2.64 (0.97–13.86)

0.388

1.69 (0.74–6.76)

2.40 (1.30–11.49)

0.196

1.61 (0.74–6.49)

2.13 (1.30–13.33)

0.130

Location

         

 R

80 (45.7%)

12 (41.4%)

0.664

82 (45.3%)

10 (43.5%)

0.868

80 (45.2%)

12 (44.4%)

0.942

 L

95 (54.3%)

17 (58.6%)

 

99 (54.7%)

13 (56.5%)

 

97 (54.8%)

15 (55.6%)

 

Operative approach

         

 VATS

130 (74.3%)

18 (62.1%)

0.172

132 (72.9%)

16 (69.6%)

0.734

125 (70.6%)

23 (85.2%)

0.178

 OS

45 (25.7%)

11 (37.9%)

 

49 (27.1%)

7 (30.4%)

 

52 (29.4%)

4 (14.8%)

 

Operative procedure

         

 Sublobectomy (Seg/wedge)

65 (37.1%)

7 (24.1%)

0.175

69 (38.1%)

3 (13.0%)

0.032

68 (38.4%)

4 (14.8%)

0.030

 Lobectomy (Lob/Lob + Seg/Lob + wedge/Pneumo)

110 (62.9%)

22 (75.9%)

 

112 (61.9%)

20 (87.0%)

 

109 (61.6%)

23 (85.2%)

 

 Operative times, min, median (IQR)

195 (120–275)

345 (227.5–380)

0.001

205 (125–282.5)

345 (250–445)

0.001

200 (120–282.5)

325 (205–395)

0.001

 Operative bleeding, ml, median (IQR)

200 (50–500)

450 (250–1100)

0.001

200 (50–450)

750 (400–1300)

0.001

200 (50–400)

1000 (300–1300)

0.001

Transfer blood

         

 Yes

23 (13.1%)

8 (27.6%)

0.045

22 (12.2%)

9 (39.1%)

0.001

17 (9.6%)

14 (51.9%)

0.001

 No

152 (86.9%)

21 (72.4%)

 

159 (87.8%)

14 (60.9%)

 

160 (90.4%)

13 (48.1%)

 
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European Journal of Medical Research

ISSN: 2047-783X

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